Wednesday, March 24, 2010

[Biology Form 4] Cell Structure & Organisation

1. Study the diagrams below. Identify the structures or organelles (A – J) and complete the following table.


Name of organelle / structure

Function

Consequence if absent

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Transporting proteins

No transportation of proteins

B

Mitochondrion

Site for energy production

Energy cannot be produced

C

Cell wall

Give fixed shape to the cell

Have irregular shape (eg. Animal cell)

D

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Transport lipid and glyserol

Lipid and glycerol cannot be transport

E

Nucleus

Control cell activities, contains genetic material.

No cell division, all cell activities stop.

F

Vacuole

Storing nutrients (sugar and amino acid) in its sap.

Cannot store nutrients

G

Cytoplasm

Food storage, medium for metabolic reaction

No site for metabolic reaction

H

Plasma membrane

Controlling entry and exit of substances

No selective barrier

I

Lysosomes

Releases enzymes outside the cell.

No enzymes being released

J

Chloroplast

Carries out photosynthesis

Photosynthesis cannot occur

Golgi apparatus

Storing and transporting lipids. Produces glycoprotein, polysaccharide and secretory enzyme.



2. Give two differences between animal and plant cell
Any two differences: Cell wall, Vacuole, Centriole, Storage granule, Chloroplast

3.
a) What is cell specialization?
Cell changes in structure or function in order to carry out a specific function.

b) How are cells organised into a multicellular organism?
Cell --> Tissue --> Organ --> System --> Organism

c) Give an example of each type of cell organization in human.
Epithelium Cell --> Epithelium Tissue --> Stomach --> Digestive System --> Human

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